Complete list of Middle Eastern countries

Middle East Countries: What Are They?

When we talk about the Middle East, it is often difficult to determine precisely which countries are part of it. The region is fascinating in many ways: rich in history, diverse in culture, and essential on the global geopolitical scene. But then, which countries make up the Middle East? Here is a clear and simple answer to shed light on this subject.

Defining the Middle East Region

The Middle East, or “Middle East” in English, is a region that extends over a vast area, connecting Asia, Europe and Africa. This region, which has seen the birth of several of the greatest civilizations in history, today brings together nations with varied cultures, languages and religions, while sharing significant common points such as the predominance of Arabic or the importance of Islam.

However, the precise definition of the borders of the Middle East can vary depending on the organizations (geopolitical, cultural or economic). That said, the countries below are generally recognized as part of this region.

List of Middle East Countries

Here is a list of the 14 countries that are considered to be part of the Middle East:

Saudi Arabia

The largest country on the Arabian Peninsula, famous for its many holy cities such as Mecca and Medina.

Egypt

Although in Africa, Egypt is often included in the Middle East due to its cultural and historical importance in the Arab world.

United Arab Emirates (UAE)

A modern, cosmopolitan country with cities such as Dubai and Abu Dhabi that have become global economic hubs.

Iran

Known for its rich Persian history, it is one of the major countries in the Middle East.

Iraq

Located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, this country is often called the cradle of civilization.

Israel

A country at the heart of many geopolitical discussions, recognized for its historical treasures in Jerusalem.

Jordan

This peaceful country is famous for the archaeological site of Petra, one of the seven wonders of the world.

Kuwait

An oil-rich nation located on the edge of the Persian Gulf.

Lebanon

Small in size but immense in culture, mainly known for its capital, Beirut.

Oman

A crossroads between ancient trade routes, this country remains authentic and preserved.

Qatar

Rich and influential country thanks to its natural resources and its international influence, particularly through sport.

Syria

A country shaken by conflict, but essential historically and culturally.

Türkiye

Bridge between Europe and Asia, its strategic position and mixed culture make it unique.

Yemen

Long a junction point for trade routes, this country retains an incredibly intact culture despite current difficulties.

Why can this list vary?

The exact composition of Middle Eastern countries may change depending on context. For example, some include Cyprus or even the Libya for their geographic proximity and cultural ties. However, the 14 countries mentioned above form the heart of the Middle East by most definitions.

Practical information for travelers

If you want to travel to this region, know that it offers an infinite wealth of landscapes and experiences:

Towering deserts (think Rub al-Khali in Saudi Arabia).
Historical sites like the pyramids of Egypt or the ruins of Persepolis in Iran.
Exceptional gastronomy, from Lebanese mezze to Turkish kebab.
Unparalleled Hospitality: In local culture, a guest is always treated with honor and generosity.

However, it is important to find out about security conditions and visa formalities before departure.

What I learned while exploring the Middle East

As a travel enthusiast, I can tell you that each country in the Middle East has a distinct soul. I was amazed by the warm welcome of the locals, the beauty of the landscapes and the depth of history present in each place. I highly recommend adding this region to your list if you haven’t already.